The qualifying period came to an end at the US Open at Pinehurst on Sunday, when McIlroy suffered a devastating runners-up finish to Bryson DeChambeau after holding a two-shot lead with five holes to play.
The 60-player field features players representing 32 different countries, with the United States the only nation to have more than two qualifiers.
The top 15 players in the world rankings were eligible for Paris, with a limit of four players per country. Countries without players in the top 15 can take a maximum of two.
World number one Scottie Scheffler, defending champion Xander Schauffele, Wyndham Clark and Collin Morikawa will represent the USA from August 1-4 with DeChambeau missing out.
The US Open champion’s strong major form has not been enough for the 30-year-old to force his way into the four-player American squad, with DeChambeau only rising to 10th in the Official World Golf Rankings that determine selection.
Host nation France was guaranteed at least one spot, with Matthieu Pavon and Victor Perez qualifying.
Former US Open champion Matt Fitzpatrick and Tommy Fleetwood qualified for Great Britain, with two-time major winner Jon Rahm – who had to withdraw from the US Open with a foot injury – and David Puig set to represent Spain.
Each National Olympic Committee will have until June 27 to officially confirm their athletes to the International Golf Federation.
Paris 2024 men’s golf field in full
USA: Scottie Scheffler, Xander Schauffele, Wyndham Clark, Collin Morikawa
Ireland: Rory McIlroy, Shane Lowry
Sweden: Ludvig Aberg, Alex Noren
Norway: Viktor Hovland, Kristoffer Ventura
Spain: Jon Rahm, David Puig
Japan: Hideki Matsuyama, Keita Nakajima
France: Mathieu Pavon, Victor Perez
Austria: Sepp Straka
Australia: Jason Day, Min Woo Lee
South Korea: Tom Kim, An Byeong-hun
Canada: Nick Taylor, Corey Conners
South Africa: Christiaan Bezuidenhout, Erik van Rooyen
Germany: Stephan Jager, Matti Schmid
Denmark: Nicolai Hojgaard, Thorbjorn Olesen
Belgium: Thomas Detry, Adrien Dumont de Chassart
Argentina: Emiliano Grillo, Alejandro Tosti
New Zealand: Ryan Fox, Daniel Hillier
Poland: Adrian Meronk
Chile: Joaquin Niemann, Cristobal del Solar
Finland: Sami Valimaki
Chinese Taipei: Yu-Chun-an, Pan Cheng-tsung
Netherlands: Joost Luiten, Darius van Driel
China: Yuan Yechun, Dou Zecheng
Colombia: Camilo Villegas, Nico Echavarria
Italy: Matteo Manassero, Guido Migliozzi
India: Shubhankar Sharma, Gaganjeet Bhullar
Puerto Rico: Rafael Campos
Mexico: Carlos Ortiz, Abraham Ancer
Thailand: Kiradech Aphibarnrat, Phachara Khongwatmai
Malaysia: Gavin Green
Paraguay: Fabrizio Zanotti